Davydov S. Substantiation of process parameters of carbon-containing heterogeneous medium conversion into gas under the influence of plasma energy

The purpose of the work is to establish the patterns of change in the state and properties of the carbon-containing medium and to substantiate the rational parameters of the process of its transformation into gas, under the influence of plasma energy for the further ecologically safe use of products of coal and other carbon-containing media. Object of study - the processes of changing the state and properties of heterogeneous carbon-containing media under the influence of plasma energy. To solve these problems, a complex method was used in the work, which includes: analysis and generalization of known studies to substantiate the feasibility of converting a carbon-containing medium into gas under the influence of plasma energy; study of the processes of thermodynamics of transformations using standard software packages; study of the processes of kinetics of thermal transformation taking into account the nature of heat and mass transfer, equilibrium state and properties of the reacting components; experimental studies of processes with determination of plasma energy action parameters; processing and generalization of research results by statistical analysis methods. The scientific significance of the work is to establish the regularities of changes in the amount and composition of the gas phase under the action of steam plasma energy on carbon-containing medium, to substantiate the rational parameters of thermal action in compatible transformation processes, in the developed methods for determining the specific energy consumption of the transformation process, and to evaluate the economic and environmental feasibility of application developed in various industries. The thesis establishes the regularities of state and properties change of a carbon-containing heterogeneous medium while converting into gas under the influence of plasma energy, determines the main factors of this influence, substantiates the rational parameters of the conversion process. The dependences of the output and composition of the gas phase, its energy indicators, the carbon conversion degree on the temperature in the reaction space, the quality and composition of the environment and the oxidant, and the ratio of reacting species masses in the contexts of plasma formation processes coordinated in space and time, generation of oxidant from water and the conversion of the environment are determined. The rational temperature value of complete carbon conversion in particles of a dispersed medium has been established when the maximum degree of conversion of carbon and the output of gas with the content of 99% energy component due to hydrogen from the oxidizer is observed. The dependences of kinetic constants of the conversion speed reactions and process productivity on the temperature in the reaction space, the nature of heat exchange, convective and radiation components of the heat flow are determined. The energy indicators of the conversion process considering the elemental composition of the medium and the oxidizer, and the energy efficiency factor of the process are calculated, the level of solving environmental safety problems is set. The application of the steam-plasma method in the general heat power engineering during the production of synthetic motor fuel in the technologies of direct reduction of iron has been estimated; the economic efficiency of the method used in the production of protective atmospheres for thermal treatment of the metal has been determined, the expected economic effect amounts to 112 UAH per ton of processed products.