Piddubnyi A. Pathomorphological characterization of biomineralization in prostate cancer.

The growth of cancer-related morbility is an actual problem of modern medicine. The prostate cancer is one of the most common pathologies among the male population worldwide. This neoplasm has a high social and economical significance because of high incedence rate and high level of cancer-related complications such as bone metastases. The variability of clinical manifestations, as well as the absence of identified risk factors for the development of complications create a conditions when it is impossible to predict the course of the disease. The introduction of additional diagnostic criteria will make it possible to assess the clinical and morphological status of the disease and predict its progression. That is why the topic of thesis is devoted to the actual problem – optimization of diagnostics and evaluation of the course of prostate cancer with biomineralization. The following methods were used for this research and analysis of the data: histology, histochemistry, histomorphomety, immunohistochemistry, physical and chemical methods (scanning and transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy), statistical analysis of data with parametric and nonparametric tests. 60 samples of prostate cancer tissue were used for the research: 30 samples of neoplastic tissue with prostatic calculi and 30 prostate cancer samples without intraluminal inclusions. During the research the clinical and epidemiological features of prostate cancer in the Sumy region were established. The growth tendency of the prostate cancer incidence rate in Sumy region has been demonstrated (during the observation period from 2010 to 2017). A comparative analysis of these values with the national ones was done, the patterns of geographic distribution of prostate cancer were established. The research pointed out that the presence of intraluminal inclusions in the neoplastic tissue is accompanied by its remodeling. It is manifested by cystic transformation of the glands, the development of sclerosis and periglundular inflammation, violation of the secretion outflow and its stagnation. Prolonged persistence of the prostatic calculi is accompanied by chronic epithelium injury, a violation of the secretory cycle of the glands. Thus, chronic inflammation leads to the formation of concretions, which supports the inflammation.