The dissertation is devoted to the study of the taxonomic diversity of the genus Wild Grape (Parthenocissus Planch.) in the vertical landscaping of the Lviv city and the study of ecological and biological features of its representatives in the conditions of the urban environment.
The studies were conducted in general, limited and special purpose plantations (parks, yards, street plantations). The ecological-phytocenotical types of the habitat were chosen by II-IV EFP. In the vertical landscaping of the city of Lviv, the genus Parthenocissus Planch. is the most represented. The 3 types and 3 decorative forms were identified in total. The most common species are five-leafed wild grape (Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L) Planch.), Parthenocissus quinquefolia 'Engelmanii' (Koehne et Graebn.) Rehd. and Parthenocissus tricuspidata 'Veitchii' (Graebn.) Rehd.). Basic dissertation research is based on ecological and biological analysis of these species. At BG of NSFU of Ukraine we have created a collection site of 6 decorative forms of wild grape: P. tricuspidata 'Green Spring', P. tricuspidata, 'Fenway Park', P. tricuspidata 'Diamond Mountains', P. q. 'Star Showers', P. q. 'Yellow Wall', P. q. ‘Troki’.
Urboecological conditions determine the start of plant’s entry into a particular phenological phase and its duration (in the central part of the city, wild grape emerge from the resting state 10-14 days earlier than in the control areas). The fastest start of the growing and flowering periods comes in Virginia creeper (P. quinquefolia), and later in the Boston ivy (P. tricuspidata 'Veitchii'). Introduction of taxa of the genus Parthenocissus Planch. in a particular phenological phase is also determined by intraspecific features. The period of total flowering of P. quinquefolia and P. q. 'Engelmanii' starts from the third decade of June until the end of July. It indicates the stability of both the vegetative and generative processes of plant growth and development, as well as the good adaptation of the studied species to their habitat. A specific feature of the vines of the genus Parthenocissus Planch. is intense growth of shoots in length. By the length of the growing period, all the studied species belong to the species with a long growing period (158-164 days). According to the intensity of growth of creepers of the genus Parthenocissus Planch. can be divided as follows: P.
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quinquefolia and P. tricuspidata ′Veichii′ belong to middle-growing creepers with growth from 100 to 200 cm, and P. q. ′Engelmanii′ - to high growing, with an average growth more than 200 cm.
The analysis of the introductory process by different methods showed that all the taxa studied belong to the 1st and 2nd group of prospects (according to Lapin P.I., Sidneyva S.V.) and are distinguished by high or good degree of acclimatization (by Kohno M.A., Kordiuk A. M.). In the study of the phytoclimate under the cover, a difference of microclimatic indicators was observed outside and under the vegetation. Decreased undercover air temperature, increased relative humidity, and a significant decrease in light and wind conditions. Analysis of the temperature and humidity regime of the supports of creepers revealed the difference in the temperature indexes of the surface of the support on the covered and uncovered areas. The relative humidity of the wall materials in dry, rainy weather under the foliage is on average 5.4-7.7% higher compared to the uncoated area of the support. After prolonged precipitation, the relative humidity of the support under the creeper is on 4.37-6.6% lower than in open areas.
Physicochemical properties of soil cover of growth sites of species Parthenocissus Planch. are directly dependent on the degree of anthropogenic influence. Studies of creepers localities in patios and outdoor plantations have revealed a negative vertical temperature gradient for plants. The horizontal temperature gradient of soil in IV EFP was positive, and the III EFP was close to zero. Physiological and biochemical processes were investigated by determining the content of plastid pigments of the studied species and their seasonal dynamics. P. quinquefolia and P. q. 'Engelmanii' is characterized by high concentration and major changes during the growing season of plastid pigments. In P. tricuspidata 'Veitchii' the chlorophyll content was slightly lower.
