Yurasova O. Analysis of the operation of boilers ТПП-210A, ТПП-312A power units of 300 MW during the combustion of non-project fuels

The dissertation is devoted to the research of the work of the ТПП-210A, ТПП-312A boilers of power units of 300 MW during the combustion of non-project fuels, as well as the adjustment of regime maps on the basis of test results. Based on analytical and experimental researches the prospect of involvement of non-project coal in the raw material base of the existing boilers has been proved. The regime and economic characteristics of the ТПП-210A boiler during the combustion of non-project fuel are determined: gross efficiency, components of heat loss, electricity consumption for the boiler's own needs, aerodynamic and temperature characteristics of the gas-air path, temperature characteristics of the steam-water tract in the operating range. For the first time, the calculation coefficients were determined using the program of thermal and hydraulic calculation of the "Trakt" boiler to the temperature of the exhaust gases during the combustion of non-project fuel to change: air temperature before hot air recirculation; air shots in the fuel; air inspections at the section "mode cross section - last heating surface (OPN)"; air intakes in the OPN; air shots at the section "OPN - DS"; raw coal moisture; crude ash content (ratio of ash content of fuel to combustible mass). Based on the results of thermal tests of the boiler ТПП-210A in the operationing range of loads during work on coal grades "Г", "ДГ" the project of normative characteristics of boiler bodies during boiler operation in double-hull and single-hull modes is made. The operating parameters of the boiler ТПП-210A were determined experimentally as well as economic indicators of the boiler, environmental indicators, electricity consumption for traction, blasting and dust preparation, adjustment to the exhaust gas temperature. It was found that with the optimal excess of air, the content of carbon monoxide in the exhaust gases does not exceed 150 ppm, which leads to a heat loss with chemical afterburning of not more than 0.081%. According to the results of the tests, a regime map of the boiler ТПП-210A Art. No.3 in double-hull mode during solid fuel combustion and data were obtained for further adjustment of boiler performance. Based on the results of the mode-adjustment tests of the boiler ТПП-312A in the operating range of loads during its transfer to solid fuel combustion, which differs from the design of the general and specific properties, the draft normative characteristics of the boiler operation was developed and the mode of operation of the boiler system was determined. The values of air suction in individual elements and the gas path of the boiler ТПП-312A as a whole are established. The suction of air into the furnace of the boiler, reduced to the rated load, is 5%, which meets the requirements. It is established that in the range of boiler loads of 65-100% of the nominal during the combustion of solid fuel without backlighting with natural gas provides stable long-term operation of the boiler with nominal parameters and satisfactory output of liquid slag. The regime map of the ТПП-312A boiler operation and vacuum cleaners has been elaborated and the suggestions for increasing the efficiency and reliability of the boiler are given.