Slivinska O. Carbohydrate metabolism and antioxidant system in rats with experimental diabetes mellitus and their correction with сhromium and zinc citrates.

New ways of solving the problem of prevention and treatment of diabetes mellitus due to the use of chromium and zinc citrates synthesized by the method of nanotechnology are presented in the thesis. The effectiveness of the use of these compounds in the diet with the aim of the correction the functioning of carbohydrate and mineral metabolism, the state of the prooxidant/antioxidant system and NO-synthase activity in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes has been experimentally substantiated. The optimal doses of chromium and zinc citrates for normalization of the main indicators of metabolic processes in the body of animals with experimental diabetes have been determined. Optimal doses of chromium and zinc citrates for normalization of the main indicators of metabolic processes in animals’ organisms with experimental diabetes have been determined. In the blood of rats with experimentally induced diabetes persistent hyperglycemia has been found caused by increased concentrations of glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin and changes in the activity of enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism, in particular: a decrease in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in erythrocytes, liver and skeletal muscles and an increase in lactate dehydrogenase activity in the studied tissues and erythrocytes on the background of an increase in the content of L-lactate and a decrease in pyruvate in the blood. Oral administration of chromium citrate to rats (in doses of 10 and 25 μg Cr3+/kg of body weight) and zinc citrate (in doses of 20 and 50 mg Zn2+/kg of body weight) both separately and compatibly prevented the development of acute hyperglycemia in rats with experimental diabetes mellitus, with probable decrease in glucose concentration and level of glycosylated hemoglobin in the blood, decrease in lactate dehydrogenase activity in erythrocytes and skeletal muscles, increase in glucose-6- phosphate dehydrogenase activity in erythrocytes, liver and skeletal muscles.