Denchylya-Sakal G. Phytotoxicological assessment of Zn2+ and Cu2 + soil contamination by reactions of Trifolium pratense L. - Qualifying scientific work on the rights of the manuscript

The dissertation is devoted to the research of the influence of Zn2+ and Cu2 + on the morpho-physiological parameters of meadow clover. It is shown that depending on the concentration of sulfuric acid salts, different effects on seed germination energy are observed. Concentrations of 5-10 MPC cause severe suppression. Stimulation of germination energy was manifested at a concentration of 1 MPC. It is established that there is a significant difference between the influence of zinc and copper ions on the growth parameters of clover plants. The largest changes in the length of shoots and roots of clover seedlings were found under the influence of zinc ions. Minor changes in biometric parameters occurred under the action of copper ions. The seasonal dynamics of chlorophyll content in meadow clover leaves has been studied: the maximum amount of chlorophyll a+b is observed during budding, when all leaves have developed and the plant is actively preparing for the successful implementation of the most important life strategy - generative reproduction. The lowest total values of chlorophyll a+b in our control were observed during flowering and fruiting. With increasing concentration of the element in the soil, their concentration in the plant increases to a certain limit, and at low concentrations increases linearly. Thus, when the concentration of zinc in the soil 1, 5, 10 MPC, its content in the roots increases by 2, 3, in the aboveground part of 1,5-2 times. It was found that the higher the content of humus in the soil, the lower the toxic effect of heavy metals. In the presence of calcium, most heavy metals (copper, zinc) become immobile, the mobility. The uptake of HM by plants is minimal at a pH of about 6,5, with the acidification or leaching of soils, the uptake of HM increases. The revealed clear dose-dependent symptoms of changes in the morphological structure of the leaf blade during soil contamination with Cu2+ and Zn2+ allow us to recommend crops of Trifolium pratense L. as a perennial bioindicator of HM environmental pollution.