Drapey S. Research of penetration and shaking of electrons in the process of gamma ray internal conversion

The dissertation presents experimental studies of anomalies in the process of gamma ray internal conversion. There were designed and implemented installations of multidimensional coincidences and anticoincidence to highlight the studied effects against the general background of conversion processes. A mathematical apparatus was developed and special software was created for processing the obtained practical data. This work shows the importance of taking into account the effects of penetration in M1-transitions, demonstrates a significant deviation, the values of λ, from the systematics of penetration parameters for M1-braked transitions. The obtained data indicate the prospects of finding penetration effects for internal multiple M1-transitions. Taking into account the improved technical base and special software packages, the data clarification for ICR (internal conversion ratio) M1- and M4-transitions were provided. For 44Sc and 120Sn E1-transition, anomalies in ICR were detected for the first time. The contribution of penetration effects in a braked E1-transition with a prohibition factor FW = 18000 was detected for the first time, and the contribution of penetration effects to a braked E2-transition was specified. For the first time, the contribution of spin currents to the E1-transition was determined. A comprehensive study of the excitation of the atom in the process of internal conversion of -rays and electron capture was provided. The process of double ionization as an interaction due to changes in the Coulomb field is studied, a simple analytical formula PKK = 0,093/Z2 is obtained, i.e. for nuclei with Z~50 PKK~4 10-5 such values are good consistent with estimates of direct interaction of the conversion electron with neighboring electron. The correlation effects in the process of internal conversion of γ-rays for γ-transitions with a kinetic energy of 0.2 keV have been studied.