Shpak Y. Phytostressority of coal mines waste dumps under the effect of ash of TPP and potassium humate

The thesis presents researches results about effеct of coal fly ash, potassium humates (of vermicompost and preparate ‘ГКВ-45’) to reduce substrates phytostressority (complexive negative impact on plant organism) of Central Coal Enreacment Factory ‘Chervonohradska’ with using of Sudan grass Sorghum bicolor subsp. drummondii (Nees ex Steud.) in role of biotester. For the first time researched efficiency and compatibility of coal ash with humates for amelioration of mining rock dumps. Also, performed the correlation analysis of macronutrients and heavy metals mobile form contents in the substrate of the Chervonograd industrial coal mining region with their total contents in the organs of plants with C4-type of photosynthesis (Sudan grass) under the effect of controlled experimental conditions. In addition, found high content of ammoniacal Nitrogen in the gray-black unburned rock substrate of the rock dump of Central Coal Enreacment Factory ‘Chervonohradska’. Proved that substrate of unburned rock depress ecophysiological parameters of Sudan grass more than substrate of burned rock. The introduction of coal ash and humates into rock dump substrates caused normalization of morphometric parameters, plastids pigment content and phenolic compounds in Sudan grass plants. Established that the combined use of TPP ash with humate preparations improves the abovementioned ecophysiological parameters of plants more efficiently than only one of these ameliorants. Observed that more phytostressive unburned rock substrate has a low pH which is significantly increased under the effect of coal fly ash from Dobrotvir TPP and potassium humate ‘ГКВ-45’. Also found that the unburned rock substrate contains high concentrations of mobile Plumbum and Chromium. Introduction of potassium humate ‘ГКВ-45’ decreased content of Pb content, but did not change Cr content. On the other hand, the introduction of ash did not lead to changes in the Pb content, but reduced the Cr content. At the same time, the addition of ash together with humate significantly reduced the content of both researched heavy metals. The addition of ash to the rock decreases the content of Pb and Cr in the stems and leaves, and the introduction of humate reduced the content of Pb and Cr only in the leaves. The combined use of coal fly ash and humate reduced the content of Pb and Cr in the roots, stems, and leaves of Sudan grass, which was grown on unburned rock substrate to a greater extent than the introduction of ash or humate alone. Found that the unburned rock substrate contains low concentrations of mobile Calcium, Potassium and Phosphorus. The addition of ash also does not change the content of these macronutrients in the rock dump substrate, and the application of humate significantly increases only the mobile Phosphorus content. Proved that the use of ash in combination with humate leads to increase in the content of mobile forms K and P in the substrate of the unburned rock. Also found that unburned rock substrate contains high concentrations of ammonium Nitrogen. The addition of coal ash reduced its content. Also noted that unburned rock substrate after the cultivation of Sudan grass does not cause on the morphometrical parameters of garden cress Lepidium sativum L. which were used as biotester of its possible allelopathic properties. In general, proved that coal ash and potassium humate significantly reduce the phytostressority of the rock dump substrates, and their combined effect is more effective than just one of them.