Bekker M. Identification of problem situations and determination of ways to solve them in the regions of Ukraine

The dissertation is devoted to the development of theoretical and methodological support for the identification of problem situations in the regions of Ukraine and substantiation of ways to solve them. The relevance of the topic is confirmed by the presence of a number of problematic situations in the development of regions of Ukraine, which are stable and long-term, as well as the formation of new problems and problematic situations in 2020 under the influence of external and internal factors of instability. The dissertation proves that the essence and content of the concept of "problematic situation in regional development" must be interpreted from the standpoint of regionalism and the principles of state support for regional self-development, which allows to define it as a situation characterized by the presence of confirmed problems in economic, social and environmental development. its potential, degrades the quality of life of the population and requires the development of ways to address it. The paper has developed a methodological approach to identifying problem situations that arise in the process of regional development, a feature of which is the implementation of four successive stages: the choice of the method of grouping the initial set of regions of the country; identification of a cluster of problem situations; determination of the factors of the formation of problem situations; justification of conclusions and recommendations; the practical advantages of this approach lie in the implementation of a qualitative and quantitative assessment of the peculiarities of the development of the country's regions and the ability to identify the problems that accompany it. A methodological approach to assessing the state of development of regions is presented, based on a three-component integral assessment and allows for a comprehensive assessment of the basic areas of regional development: the quality of life of the population of the region; the effectiveness of the economic, social and environmental development of the region, as well as the accumulated natural resource, territorial, administrative-territorial, social, economic potential of the region. Methodological approach to modelling scenarios for solving problem situations in the region is proposed, the difference of which is the use of fuzzy cognitive and impulse modelling to determine the basic factors of socio-economic regional development; determining the relationship between the key factors of socio-economic regional development and building a cognitive map of semi-structured situations. Methodological support for structuring the factors of problematic situations of regional development has been improved, the difference of which is to compare the levels of natural-territorial and socio-economic potential and levels of socio-economic and environmental performance and quality of life of the population of Ukraine, which allows to identify the main factors the weight and impact of each partial indicator in the evaluation system.