Mazuryk A. Isolation of surfactants of different nature from multicomponent aqueous solutions by adsorption and flotation methods

The dissertation work is devoted to the establishment of colloid-chemical laws of adsorption and flotation isolation of various types of surfactants (nonionic – Twееns, anionic – sodium dodecylsulfate, cationic – dodecylammonium and dodecylpyridinium chlorides) from diluted individual and multicomponent aqueous solutions. The composition of the mixed adsorption layer and parameters of the intermolecular interaction of surfactants were calculated according to the Rubin – Rosen model for the adsorption of mixtures of Tween – sodium dodecylsulfate and Tween – dodecylpyridinium chloride at the interface of the solution – solid and solution – air. The synergistic effect in solutions of mixtures of nonionic – anionic surfactants, and in some mixtures of nonionic surfactants – cationic surfactants antagonistic effect, in the process of adsorption on paraffin has been found. For the first time, an experimental-model analysis of adsorption isotherms of the investigated individual surfactants and their mixtures on paraffin using the basic adsorption equations and surface tension isotherms of solutions of two-component systems (surfactant + alcohol) and three-component systems (surfactant1 + surfactant2 + alcohol) using the Fainerman – Miller model has been performed. The optimal conditions for the flotation isolation of the investigated surfactants from the multicomponent aqueous solutions (influence of the nature and quantity of the introduced reagents, the ratio of the components of the mixture, the pH value of the medium) have been determined. The obtained results can be recommended to enterprises of textile, paint and varnish, paper, chemical, coal, oil production and oil refining industries to improve surfactant isolation technologies.