Babchenko A. Dynamics of invertabrates of the ecosystems formed on the Nikopol manganese ore basin technosols

In the investigation the patterns of temporal dynamics of populations of invertebrates of the ecosystems formed on tehnosoil of the Nikopol manganese ore basin were found. The following tasks were resolved: a set characteristics diversity of invertebrate communities of terrestrial ecosystems formed on tehnozemah was revealed; the role of meteorological factors as predictors of ecological niches terrestrial invertebrates in the time aspect was assessed; the patterns of phenology of species a review of their strength gradient time were established; the role of soil moisture in time dynamics of populations of invertebrates tehnosols was assessed; indices of the optima and tolerance invertebrate species to temperature with the influence of other meteorological factors, time and spatial variables were found. The object of the study was the populations and communities terrestrial invertebrates of the artificial ecosystems of Nikopol manganese ore basin. The subject of the study are the patterns of temporal dynamics of populations of terrestrial invertebrates under the influence of meteorological factors and soil moisture in artificially created soil-like constructions – technosols. In the dissertation, the taxonomic groups were identified for the first time and indicators of species diversity of terrestrial invertebrate communities that live in technosols formed as a result of over half a century of agricultural reclamation were revealed. It was shown that adequate assessment of the environmental niche optimum and tolerance zone of invertebrate species is possible only taking into account the influence of other environmental factors, temporal and spatial patterns, as well as specifics, which depend on the type of technosols. An analytical approach was proposed to identify the phenological groups of invertebrates as well as ecological groups with relation to humidity and temperature. As a result, the Penman-Monteith approach was adapted to assess the moisture content of soil for technosols, taking into account changes in albedo depending on moisture. This approach can provide an estimate calculated moisture content as a predictor of ecological niches invertebrates that can be practically applied for the forecast number as harmful to economic relations animals (phytophagous) and useful (and zoofahy phytophages). Information about the moisture dynamics of technosols can be used in agricultural practice to choose the best management strategies for reclaimed land. Approaches to assessment of environmental invertebrate niche parameters based on meteorological predictors can be used to create a long-term model of community dynamics based on prospective climate forecasts. This approach provides an opportunity to develop a set of real-time measures to optimize the environmental quality of technosols in a significant time perspective. It was found that terrestrial invertebrate communities formed in the artificial ecosystem after more than 50 years of agricultural reclamation are represented by 202 species of Arthropoda and Mollusca from 6 classes, 13 series, 50 families. Microtherm most common among the elderly and among the summer-autumn and mezotermes – spring or fall among species.