The dissertation is devoted to solving current problems of the alcohol industry, related to reducing energy and investment costs for production, improving product quality, as well as improving the environmental situation through the utilization of related impurities. Based on the analysis of literature sources and own experience, it is established that the tasks can be solved by increasing the efficiency of separation of components in mass transfer column apparatus and creating optimal conditions for removing all types of impurities from the zones of their maximum accumulation. As the next, consistent step in work with impurity, the technology of their utilization for the purpose of improvement of an ecological situation is offered. The model of the theoretical plate of cyclic distillation was used to calculate the distillation columns (distillation, purification, impurity concentration column) and to study the influence of control parameters on the mass transfer process. The result of the calculation for the distillation column was to determine the number of plates depending on the reflux value for the set values of the concentration of distillate and Luther. The result of the calculation for the purification column and the impurity concentration column was to determine the distribution of ethanol concentration on the plates of the column, depending on the place of power and water introduction for hydroselection. In this case, the epuration and impurity concentration column are the same type of columns with a fixed number of plates, which have been operating in industrial conditions. The results of comparisons showed that the optimal value of the phlegmaratio for cyclic distillation is 25 % less than traditional. The efficiency of cyclic distillation is divided between saving steam and reducing the number of plates. Steam savings are in the range from 0 to 30 %, reducing the number of plates by 2.6 and 1.5 times in accordance with the specified values of energy saving. The purification column and the impurity concentration column are of the same type, as they perform the same task related to the concentration and removal of impurities of the main nature. In addition, when creating favorable conditions in the columns the concentration of intermediate upper and lower impurities takes place. It is known that the main effect on the volatility of all types of impurities has the concentration of ethanol. With decreasing ethanol concentration, the volatility of the bulk of impurities increases. On the other hand, significant dilution of alcohol with water for hydroselection leads to overuse of energy in their further processing. When studying the distribution of ethanol concentrations on the plates of the purification column, it was found that in all cases but one, in the column there are concentration barriers with high concentrations of ethanol in different parts of the column. Their presence leads to changes the conditions of impurities release and deteriorates their concentration, so the task of the dissertation was to create a mathematical model that could determine the redistribution of flows in the column so as to ensure the absence of concentration barriers across the height of the column. For this type of cyclic distillation columns at 15 plates, four variants of external liquid flow points were proposed. Hydroselection water: column top and power dilution. Reflux: the top of the column and suppling on several plates below the top of the colon. Modeling of different variants of flow ratios and the place of their supply allowed, at a fixed concentration of liquid, to determine the conditions under which the concentration of ethanol is the same throughout the height of the column. The concentrate is about 1 % of the plant's productivity. Its further use is reduced to the production of car glass washers in the winter. Eventually, all impurities enter the atmosphere, which pollute the environment. We offer the technology of concentrate utilization using the process of desorption of impurities by air. The concentrate is diluted to 10 % vol., And served in a column desorber with 5 plates. The air is saturated with alcohol impurities, and after the desorber is sent to the air supply fan in the boiler where the impurities burn. This operation should be performed twice to reduce the amount of impurities in the liquid to 99 % of their initial content. Part of the ethanol flies with the impurities, and the remaining in the liquid is about 0.7 % of the plant's productivity. The bottom liquid is sent back to the production on the alcohol column.
