Kolesnikov K. Thermal processes in heterogeneous smoky plasmas

The dissertation is devoted to research of mechanisms of thermal processes in a smoky plasmas, in particular, influence of processes of ionization, recombination and condensation on a temperature profile of a heterogeneous smoky plasmas with the central energy source; analysis of the phenomenon of acceleration of dipole molecules of oxides in the electric field of charge of a condensed particle and influence on the diffusion coefficient during its condensation growth; study of sorption processes and melting point of small quasicrystalline formations; distribution of the self-consistent potential around charged particles in a highly imperfect plasma; calculation of smoky plasmas parameters at strongly imperfect interaction with a particle; study of the Yukawa diagram and detection of fractality of non-ideal plasma. In the dissertation research the method of analytical calculation of concentration of electrons and charges of condensed particles in a smoky plasmas in the presence of cesium atoms in a gas phase taking into account shift of ionization equilibrium at the expense of interphase interaction is offered. To study the electrophysical characteristics of plasma, the method of solving the nonlinear Poisson-Boltzmann differential equation was used, which was used to calculate the charge of condensed particles and, subsequently, their effect on the concentration of free electrons. A new understanding of the melting temperature of small crystalline structures is determined on the example of nanoparticles and ordered structures. It is shown that the dependence of the melting temperature on the number of particles can be explained by the change in particle energy in the surface layer of the crystal, so with increasing crystal size the influence of the surface layer decreases and the crystal temperature approaches the massive crystal temperature. The dimensional effects for the melting temperature of nanostructures in the plasma due to the introduction of the finite Debye spectrum by introducing a geometric factor as the ratio of particle size and nanoclusters are taken into account. The Einstein and Debye model are compared to determine the melting temperature of nanoparticles using the phonon spectrum density. A new approach to the formalistic method of studying the ordered spatial structures of particles in a flue plasma similar to plasma crystals in a gas-discharge plasma, which are called Yukawa systems, is proposed. It is found that the phase transition of such a system can be satisfactorily described only with the use of elements of fractal geometry. The equation for the analytical description of the phase transition in a wide range of values of the structural parameter within the framework of the thermodynamic theory of similarity (scaling) is obtained. A generalized model of the Yukawa phase diagram has been developed, which determines the dependence of the parameter of the nonideality of the interaction of charged oxide particles on the structural factor on the melting line of the plasma crystal. It is found that in general the dependence has a fractal character, and the form of the function and the value of the fractal dimension varies in different ranges of values of the structural factor.