Fedoryshyn O. Carbon containing acid catalysts for transesterification of vegetable oils with ethanol

Solid phase acid carbon-containing catalysts obtained from natural and synthetic raw materials. Development of methods for synthesis and study of physicochemical properties of solid-phase acidic carbon-containing catalysts for transesterification of rapeseed oil with 96% ethanol, esterification of butanol with acetic acid and hydrolysis of ethyl acetate. Liquid chromatography, pH-potentiometric titration, low-temperature adsorption-desorption of nitrogen, X-ray fluorescence analysis, NMR spectroscopy on 13C nuclei and viscosimetry. A number of carbon-containing materials based on natural and synthetic raw materials with different acid groups have been synthesized, their main structural-sorption characteristics and acidic properties depending on the nature of the source material and synthesis conditions have been determined. The catalytic activity of the obtained carbonaceous materials in the esterification of acetic acid with butanol, hydrolysis of ethyl acetate and transesterification of rapeseed oil with ethanol was determined. It was found that sulfonated and phosphated coal is more active in the studied reactions than its oxidized modifications. The catalytic activity of materials based on natural raw materials in hydrolysis and esterification reactions significantly depends on their acidity, in contrast to synthetic materials, for which the specific surface area of materials also plays an important role. Scope - coal chemistry and fuel energy.