Popkova L. Rare species of Crimean orchids, their micropropagation and conservation of biology difference

Object of the research: 11 species of family orchids - Cоmperia comperana, Himantoglossum caprinum, Ophrys taurica, O. oestrifera, Platanthera chlorantha, Goodyera repens, Anacamptis pyramidalis, Orchis pallens, O. mascula, O. purpurea, Dactylorhiza romana. Purpose of the research: investigation of biological peculiarites of wild orchids and their micropropagation for conservation of rare spesies and next repatriation in natural areals. Methods: botanycal, biotechnological, biochemycal. Theoretical and practical results: A method of wild orchids micropropagation in vitro has been worked out. Optimal period taken primary explants (seeds from closed bull) and preferable cultural mediums for developed of protocorms and seedlings of orchids have been stated. Condition of long-time conservation in vitro germinate seeds of orchids have been revealed. It was shown that seasonal rhythm characteric for annual life cycle in nature are keeped in conditions in vitro. In limited great life cycle times of develop ment protocorms and seedlings are reduced in 3-5 to compare with development in nature. Novelty of implementations: For the first time a comparative study of morphogenic potential of tissues and organs of orchids species Comperia comperana, Himantoglossum caprinum, Ophrys taurica, which have status of the first category of rarity, has been made. Stages of morphogenesis were investigated and discribed in detail for ofchids species with different types of life forms, areals and vegetation. Degree of implementations: it was developed the concept of in vitro conservation and creation the bank of germplasme of orchids. Efficiency: will promote for saving of rare species of orchids. Sphere, branch of implementation: botany, ecology, protection of nature, horticulture.