Serebrjakov V. Ecological regularities of fauna of Ukraine bird migration in time and space

The dissertation deals with studies of ecological regularities of bird migrations in Ukraine. Due to the analysis of numerous literature data the bird list of 414 species of Ukraine was completed and their status have been defined. There are 355 nomad and migratory species on the list. Two methodological approaches had been developed in order to conduct the research of migration in space and time. 18 migratory bird species were chosen as models. As a result a new concept of animals' natural habitat areas are proposed to consider. The main point is that migratory species occupies only one area which comprises breeding and wintering areas together with the flyways. It has been proved by the first migratory individuals in the spring and last individuals in the autumn that there are definite ecological canals for the bird migration are on the territory of Ukraine. The analysis of more than 13 thousand data on the bird arrival in spring through out the Eastern Europe allowed us to formulate a rule of the migration terms variation. On the base the rule a hypothesis on changing balance of the exogenous and endogenous factors' influence on bird migration is developed. The gist is that on the beginning of the migration and before it the exogenous (outer) factors are dominant in preparing birds to their migration and during its beginning. Along the migration the balance of two groups of these factors are changing and it leads the endogenous factors to be dominating in the end of migration. The updated maps of the areas of 61 waterfowl species wintering in Ukraine are presented for the first time