Stolyar O. The metallothioneins role in the detoxication of the copper, zinc, manganese and lead in the organism of freshwater fishes and molluscs

The object - the processes of the heavy metals ions detoxication in the freshwater organisms. The aim - to reveale the mechanisms of the freshwater fishes and molluscs metallothioneins partisipation in the detoxications of the heavy metals ions of the water medium (copper (ІІ), zinc (ІІ), manganese (ІІ), lead (ІІ)). The methods of the investigation - partition and ion-exchange chromatography, electoforesis, spectrofotometry, radioactive isotopes method, statistical methods. The novelty - the animal specias specifity of metals content and isoforms composition of carp and Anodonta metallothioneinв is determined. For the first time the three tipes of the metallothionein answer on the elevation of the metal ions content in the medium are determined. For the first time the activation the metallothioneins and antyoxidant defence system of the freshwater animals under the action of the copper and manganese ions low concentrations on the organism relative to organism specias. It was revealed hat under the metals mix action carp and Anodonta metallothioneins bind previously that cind of metal ions, which it bind under the single exposition. The fields are ecology, toxicology, biomonitoring