Likhterman B. Becoming of neurosurgery as clinical discipline

The dissertation is devoted to becoming of neurosurgery as an independent clinical discipline with it's own methodology and sphere of scientific and applied interests in a period between two world wars (20th-30th years of XX century) in European countries (Russia, USSR, Great Britain, France, Germany) and also in USA and Canada. Neurosurgery origin in these countries was caused by general accumulation of fundamental knowledge and development of medicine and surgery that achieved the level, when specialization becomes necessary.We used systemic approach to study this process. Discipline-forming factors were selected: social-historical factor; naturally-scientific factor; institutional factor.Becoming of neurosurgery as independent clinical discipline in different countries had certain differences.The features of soviet neurosurgery becoming were creation of large scientific-research institutes and complex character of their work. At the same time in USA and countries of Europe neurosurgical clinics were created mainly in common hospitals.