Masikevych Y. Nucleocytoplasmic interrelation in process at formation of photosynthesis apparatus by the high photosynthetic activity

The object of study: nucleo-cytoplasmic interrelations that take place at formation of highly active photosynthesis apparatus. The aim of study: find out the role of the nuclear and cytoplasm of the photosynthesis at the formation of photosynthesis apparatus of С4-plants at different levels of its organization and stating on this ground the conception of endogenous adjusting of photosynthetic activity during hybridization. Methods: spectrophotometry, centrifugation, restriction analysis, electrophoresis, thermal denaturizing and reassociation, light and electronic microscopy, lightinduced fluorescence of chlorophyll, mathematical design. Theoretical and practical results, novelty: for the first time by two different ways (inhibition of albuminous synthesis and by the use of reciprocal combinations of hybrids) the nucleo-cytoplasmic conditionality of indexes of structure and functional activity of photosynthesis apparatus is studied on the different levels of its organization; it is proven that exactly a "chloroplast factor" plays a qualificatory role in the increase of activity of the photosystem II, and as a result assists the power providing of productive process; it is first shown that at inbreedig the coordination of connections is substantially violated between the basic subsystems of photosynthesis apparatus which results in destruction of membrane structures of chloroplasts, a decline of photosynthetic activity and diminishing of the export of assimilators to the acceptors centers; the programmed product and the mathematical model are created, that give an opportunity to the researcher to forecast the value of total variables on the basis of information about independent variables; biochemical markers are selected on the basis of which the highly productive hybrids of corn of the local selection are got; the conception was grounded of the endogenous nucleo-cytoplasmic adjusting of photosynthesis processes at forming of the photosynthesis apparatus with high functional activity. Field of application: results allow to deepen the modern ideas about the mechanisms of nucleo-cytoplasmic cooperation at forming of the photosynthesis apparatus of С4-plants. The peculiarities of actions of these mechanisms at the different stages of ontogenesis can be used in the agriculture at creation of highly productive forms of corn.