Solodkyy V. Scientific Basis of Use Optimization of Biological Resources of the Bukovyna Carpathians Ecological System in Terms of the Carpathian Convention.

The thesis deals with development of scientific, methodological and organizational principles of optimization of use of the Bukovyna Carpathians biotic resources by means of implementation of sustainable development standards in terms of Measures Plan for Realization of the Carpathian Convention Implementation Strategy. Cause-and-effect relations of anthropogenic transformation of biological diversity and natural resources potential of the Bukovyna Carpathians have been determined. The highest danger to natural development of Chernivtsi Region territories and adjacent areas of Ukraine and Rumania is caused by floods in Prut and Siret river basins. The floods are consequences of natural peculiarities of the region as well as of forest damage of high mountain zone. Development of landscape and biota diversity is also endangered by forestry, agriculture, tourism, recreation activities and indirect natural resources use performed not in compliance with the legal norms. Taxonomic structure of flora and fauna has been researched, protection level of rare species of vascular plants and animals of the Bukovyna Carpathians listed in the Red Book of Endangered Species of Ukraine, in the European Red List and in Supplements to the Bern Convention has been evaluated. Special attention has been paid to condition of the forests, their biological diversity and their ecological role for water accumulation landscapes as well as to implementation of ecological standards in the field of forestry, development of nature reserves and ecological network. The following has been developed for application of principles and terms of the Carpathian Convention Implementation Strategy: 1) methodology of the activity (scientific, methodological, legal norms base as well as resource and organization support have been defined); 2) complex programme "The Bukovyna Carpathians" consisting of goal-oriented action plans in the field of different economy branches and environmental protection; 3) areas, stages, algorithms, impediments, legal and institutional limits of task fulfilment; 4) procedures of social activity parties cooperation based on principles of integrated management and division according to water accumulation areas and basins. The following principal schemes have been proposed: improvement of monitoring and management of ecological risks in the Bukovyna Carpathians by means of transparent inter-regional cooperation of the offices competent in the field of natural resources use and environmental protection; the main areas of improvement of ecological risks management system in the region in terms of the Carpathian Convention have been determined. It has been proved that implementation of the proposals developed in this thesis will create favourable conditions for organization and maintenance of balanced natural resources use and development system in the Bukovyna Carpathians.