Kalinin I. Biochemical mechanisms of neutralization of heavy metals in tissues of rats

The dissertation is devoted to investigation of rat liver' metallothioneins, spectral properties of metallothioneins isoforms and their role in detoxification processes of the poisoned of heavy metals rats. We received new data on the molecular forms metalotioneinov (MT-1 and MT-1a, MT-2 and MT-2a), which differ in molecular weight and composition of associated metals. Using the methods of X-ray analysis and infrared Fourier spectroscopy study of heavy metals in tissues of rats and shows their impact on the differences in the spatial structure of the components of substances fabrics, made a comparative analysis of the obtained results with those of studies of heavy metals by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The difference between the spectral characteristics of the animal tissues intact and poisoned, demonstrated by the statistics - skyunes and kurtozisis. Based on experimental studies and theoretical justification studied the molecular mechanisms of heavy metal toxicity and effects on metabolic processes, which are formed as a result of violations of the prooxidant-antioxidant homeostasis, reduction of cytochrome P-450 and b5, the decrease in activity of NADPH-generating enzymes. Found that heavy metal intoxication leads to increased activity and a decrease in cNOS activity iNOS, and causes an increase in the formation of nitrite and nitrate.