Salyha Y. Physiological and biochemical mechanisms of chlorpyrifos and carbofuran influence on animals

The thesis is dedicated to the study of biochemical and physiological features of the mechanisms of influence of organophosphate (OP) and carbamate compounds (chlorpyrifos and carbofuran) on the organism of rats. Organophosphate and carbamate compounds are the main active substances in many pesticides and household chemicals; they are also used in the chemical industry, medicine, etc. High toxicity of those xenobiotics causes considerable risk of intoxication. In our investigation the most attention we have paid to the biochemical mechanisms of chlorpyrifos toxicity. It is one of the most common and hazardous of OP compounds, known as the active ingredient of many common broad-spectrum insecticides. Among number of the study goals one of them was to conduct a comparative analysis of key indicators of the antioxidant defense system in blood, tissues of different organs and main brain regions of rats intoxicated by chlorpyrifos.So, received results allow to form a fundamental understanding of the physiological and biochemical characteristics of chlorpyrifos and carbofuran effects on rats at the different levels of organization - from single cells to whole organism. An enhanced and complemented by pathway of physiological and biochemical mechanisms of chlorpyrifos and carbofuran toxicity, which is not limited to generally known anticholinergic effects, but is also closely linked to the phenomenon of oxidative stress and metabolism of biologically active metals in body tissues was proposed.