Pyanykh K. Development of scientific foundations of thermal technologies of natural gas substitution by alternative fuels

The thesis is devoted to study of the processes of gasification and direct combustion of fuels, which can replace natural gas in thermal technologies, the development and implementation of practical recommendations for the use of their results. Cycle of thermodynamic studies have determined the compositions and the enthalpy of the producer gas obtained from brown coal, anthracite, lignite, biofuel wastes, such as sunflower husks, rice husks, wood waste, straw, pellets from this waste, chicken manure, sewage sludge. It is shown that the gasification of mixtures of fuels with different degree of metamorphism inappropriate. Confirmed the high degree of thermodynamic perfection of the reverse process with the "back wave" of wood waste pellets gasification. Unit costs of biofuels for the replacement of 1 m3 of natural gas account for about 2.6 kg. The gas generator according to the technology of "reverse wave" makes it possible to produce a gaseous fuel, heat energy. It is proved that coke-ash residue can be used as high grade solid fuel or sorbent. The energy efficiency of the gasifier when using secondary resources of a process exceeds 90%. The mathematical model of the combustion process of fixed particle of biofuel in oxygen content flow is developed. A detailed numerical study of the stages of the process is made. Their temperature levels and duration are determined. On the basis of these studies technical conditions of these fuels are issued and used in projects of powerful kilns performance on the alternative fuel.