In thesis work results of studying of a current ecology-resource state of regional groups of hunting fauna of agrolandscapes of the Forest-steppe of Ukraine and theoretically-pilot studies on the solution of a number of ecologically focused tasks among organizational are stated, economic and legal problems of maintaining hunting areas following the results of which the corresponding principles of management of local resources of a field game are developed.
The resource state and loudspeakers the cenopopulations of settled species of hunting animals in a section of natural and agricultural division into districts of the region of researches is investigated and it is carried out their comparative assessment. Decrease in number economically useful and native fauna – brown hare and partridge gray (Perdix perdix Linnaeus, 1758), which makes according to 85.3% and 28.9% of optimum now is revealed. Near it is established that indicators of number of predators of family of canids (Canidae) here significantly exceed the existing standard requirements and the international recommendations. In particular, density of population of a fox ordinary (Vulpes Vulpes Linnaeus, 1758) in Left-bank, Right-bank and Western natural and agricultural provinces of the region of researches made 1.1; 2.1 and 3.0 people/one thousand of hectares was also higher epizootic admissible respectively for 10, 110 and 200%. It is established, an injurious press of a fox ordinary on settled types hunting faunae of local agrolandscapes. Negative impact of a predator in strong degree it was shown concerning groups of a hare gray, partridges gray and a pheasant ordinary. At that time, the current parameters of agrarian production in the region of researches remain the main source of ecological factors, which dominate on the frequency of participation and influence force in regulation of activity of background native species of a brown hare, partridges gray and foxes of population ordinary and also left-bank valuably introdutsent of Ussuriysk raccoon. In particular, in Central and the Left-bank forest-steppe of Ukraine the main part of the most large-scale anthropogenic factors of agricultural origin, such as areas and norms of introduction of mineral fertilizers and use of pesticides, crops of high-caulescent agrocultures – corn and sunflower, carry out is especially expressed limiting influence on the number of a hare brown and partridges gray. Positive relations between squares under specified agricultures and number introdutsent of a pheasant ordinary and a left-bank of group Ussuriysk raccoon are at that time recorded.
The periods are characterized the ecological capacity of modern field grounds of the region of researches in not vegetative and economic and legal instruments of its optimization are offered. It is established, that in not vegetative the periods arable lands of the Ukrainian Forest-steppe for 62.5–73.9% of the areas remained under autumn ploughing, for 10.0–11.3% – in crop residue the remains, mainly the adventive cultures – sunflower and corn (97.0%), for 13.4–27.5% – in trophically valuable for phytophagous winter cereals and long-term bean herbs. At the same time it is established, potentially a nest suitable natural and a floor natural station for a bio look indicator partridges gray make from only 0.31 to 0.82% of cropland of the region of a research.
It is proved the leading role of winter cereals and long-term bean agrophytocoenosis in formation of spatial structure and potential prolificacy of native species of a hare gray and partridges gray. The last experienced decrease by 20.0–41.7% for a distance of habitats of animals for more 1.5-kilometer distance from crops of the specified cultures. It is offered to take away field and contours with crops winter and long-term the trophically valuable crops and the territories adjoining to them under reproduction sites, the main from 0.7 thousand hectare. To plan their interposition in agrolandscapes for uniform or uniform aggregated to types, with distance no more than 3000 m, and limit hunting press on the following types of grounds, for an intensification of restoration of number of the listed animal species. Restrictions of a hunting press on аgroresidential landscapes promoted essential acceleration of rates of restoration of number of a partridge gray and a hare gray, respectively for 31.8 and 67.2% of a gain during the three-year period, and to distribution of animals on adjacent territories. For increase in number of a field game it is recommended to introduce two-three years’ restriction of a hunting press for аgroresidential landscapes, and their vicinities in a radius up to 1.5 km, and the territory with conducting extensive and organic agriculture, in particular such, that are planned on small planimetric to type and also first of all to take away them under the reproduction sites determined by the legislation.
