Bilyi T. Influence of the Earth’s electric field on the electrical and microphysical processes in the atmosphere

This thesis is devoted to study the influence of the electric field of the atmosphere on the microphysical processes in clouds and conditions of their stratification, formation of precipitation and snowfall on the basis of developing, calculating and analyzing onedimensional and three-dimensional models physic and electric cloud. A model is based on the solution of the nonlinear Poisson’s equation which strongly depends on the boundary conditions on the Earth's surface, namely, on the perturbation of the surface local electrostatic field. For the first time, a linear analogue of the Poisson’s equation is developed for studying polarization of the electron-ion subsystem of the atmosphere in a gravitational field. Here the basic functions are the Airy functions, which differs significantly from the classical Debye approximation. It is shown that taking into account the dynamic permeability leads to the appearance of stratified atmospheric regions. For hydrodynamic systems it is considered self-consistent (without diffusion) movement of the cloud in a horizontal direction as well as global stratification and transport of water vapour. For the first time, an analytical equation of dynamic dielectric permeability ε (r) is developed as a function of local potential and potential gradient. A series of multiplicative corrections is calculated for the Boltzmann probability factor where a redefined thermal potential of the electron is introduced that agrees the model with experimental data and leads to the stability of the solution in scaling atmospheric processes. An electric block of a three-dimensional model of cloud physics is developed for numerical simulation of catastrophic precipitation associated with electrical coagulation.