Kovpak V. Comparative Characteristics of Stem Cells and their Effectiveness in Experimental Diabetes Mellitus in Animals

The thesis deals with the current issues in veterinary medicine, in particular the experimental solution of the scientific issue of the influence of bone marrow stem cells, pancreas stem cells and adipose tissue stem cells, upon the development of alloxan diabetes in rats and cats. There have been presented immunophenotypic and genetic characteristics of the abovementioned stem cells in culture in the course of their cultivation, depending on species. There have been presented the optimized technologies for the isolation of stem cells from adipose tissue and pancreas of cats and rats. There have been optimized the conditions for their cultivation and storage. The abovementioned cultures have been heterogeneous characterized and assessed in terms of morphology and functioning in vitro. The results of the study have showed that introduction of the culture of stem cells of the pancreas, adipose tissue and bone marrow against the background of alloxan diabetes significantly decreases the glucose levels in the blood of recipient animals. In the case of transplantation of the pancreas stem cells culture, there has been observed an increase of islets of Langerhans, mainly due to neogenesis of islets. Also there has been observed the improved regeneration of cells in previously formed islet tissue. The introduction of the culture of bone marrow stem cells significantly increases the total amount of islets of Langerhans thanks to regeneration, by boosting the islet cells proliferative activity. Transplantation of the cultures of adipose tissue stem cells tends to stimulate neonogenesis of islets of Langerhans in the pancreas. The adipose tissue stem cells showed the lowest effectiveness in the course of the study.