Object of the research: common mechanisms of mammal’s immune system damage with viral infections, which possess lymphatic and immunopathologic abilities.
Aim of the work: definition of common patterns of pathomorphological and immunopathological changes in swine organism with clinical and pathomorphological signs of porcine circovirus II type (PCV2); define features of morphofunctional status of central and peripheric organs of the immune system of pigs with different forms of infection status.
Methods of the research: clinical (defining of specific clinical signs of PCV2 syndrome affected pigs); laboratory (ELISA, PCR, genome sequence, bacteriological investigations for definition of pathomorphological and immunopathological changes, definition of composition of microbial associations (viral and bacterial coinfections), microanatomical and pathoanatomical (definition of macroscopic changes in swine body and immune system organs in swine corps as the result of spontaneous and different clinical forms of PCV2 infection; classical histologic and cytologic like hematoxylin and eosin staining, argentum-nitrate impregnation by J. Foot (definition of morphofunctional microanatomical features of the organs and character of pathohistological and immunopathological changes); immunohistochemistry with use of specific antibodies to PCV2 (confirmation of PCV2 role in pathohistological changes development in immune system organs); statistical methods of investigation.
Scientific novelty: as the result of dissertation work, due to complex analysis of pathomorphological and immunopathological changes in central and peripheric organs of immune system of pigs with different forms of PCV2 infection, for the first time was proven, that numerous clinic-morphological forms of this infection is not a nosologically separate units, but signs of different levels, depth and scale of PCV2 immune system organs affection. Simultaneous damage of infection agent of central immune system, peripheric anatomically complete lymphoid organs, lymphoid structure of the mucosa (lymphoepithelial nodes) and lymphoid structures of internal space of organism (perivascular lymphoid nodes) is defining as clinico-morphological syndrome of multisystemic waste PMWS, which corresponds to generalization form of PCV2 infection.
For the first time it was described in details morphofunctional status of immune system organs with different forms of PCV2 infection: defined, that pigs with latent infection signs, pathomorphological change in immune system organs is absent, and antigen is localized in mononuclear phagocytes mainly; in pigs with subclinical signs of PCV2, infection shows as incomplete infectious complex with separate lymph nodes damage; in pigs with clinical PCV2 infection there are pathomorphological changes of local of generalized form of this infection..
For the first time was defined patterns in central and peripheric organs of the immune system with clinical PCV2 disease: in thymus and red bone marrow prevail the morphological signs of functional exhaustion and parenchyma degeneration, in peripheric lymphoid organs – reactive hyperplasia of parenchyma, serosal or sero-purulent signs of inflammation and local granulomatosis inflammation.
It was defined, that degenerative changes of bone marrow at final stages of clinical PCV2 is characterized cystic transformation of stroma with focal proliferation of reticular cells and of cystic-like formation and cell apoptosis in central zone of proliferates.
Proven, that “priority” of development of reactive and inflammatory changes in central (deep) zones of lymph nodes parenchyma of pigs with clinical form of PCV2 is due to special lymph drainage of this organs, when biggest volume of afferent lymph goes to deep layers of parenchyma as the result of trabecular lymphatic collectors and system of anastomosis in domestic swine. Due to this majority of lymph form the collectors goes in deep layers of the lymphoid parenchyma of the nodes.
Suggested: defined features of pathoanatomical and pathohistological changes in immune system organs with PCV2 infection is recommended to use in complex diagnostic of circoviruses, counting pathognomonic for this disease features, and also during assessment of the effectivity of the prophylactic of PCV2 infection in the farms during the postmortem investigation.
Obtained results of learning of pathomorphological changes of immune system changes of pigs with different forms of PCV2 is proposed to use by morphologists, pathomorpologists and pathophysiologists in scientific work; can be used in study and textbooks and other types of scientific-methodical editions.
Implemented: main statements of dissertation work is currently use by specialists of State scientific-research institute of laboratory diagnostic and veterinary-sanitary expertise, State scientific-research institute of veterinary preparation and feed additives
