Ishchenko K. Development of geomechanical basis of rock destruction by blasting.

The dissertation is devoted to solving the scientific and technical problem of in-creasing the efficiency and ecological safety of mining in the conditions of deep mines and quarries. It is aimed at development of geomechanical foundations methods of explosive destruction of hard rock’s using alternating-section charges of cumulative action that promote the redistribution of gas flows in cylindrical charging cavities when it’s are detonated. Analyzed and given a comprehensive assessment of mining, factors affect-ing the effectiveness of the explosive destruction of strong rocks, ways and directions of resource conservation in the extraction of minerals for the development of new re-source- and energy-saving technologies for mining, mining and processing of minerals with open and underground cycles of work, taking into account mining, geological and structural features of rocks of different genesis and ecological safety in the territories with developed infrastructure. Analytical and experimental studies have been conducted to substantiate the destructive action of prolonged charge explosives of variable cross-section. The research results allowed us to develop new ways of forming an explosive charge variable section cumulative impact and justify rational method parameters destruction locally fractured hard rocks. The results of the researches made it possible to develop a new way of forming the cavity in durable hard rocks. Scientific results that obtained: the methods and means of research, proposed new technical solutions for the effectiveness of the destruction of strong rocks, corrected passports for drilling and blasting operations, “Methodical recommendations for substantiation of rational parameters of drilling and blasting operations at blast loading of cracked anisotropic rocks for conditions of granite quarries of Ukraine”, “The methodology for calculating the main parameters of straight cuts with a compensation cavity when conducting horizontal mine workings on strong stressed rocks”, “Technological instructions for drilling and blasting operations in the faces of preparatory workings conducted in hard stressed rocks using new methods of forming a logging cavity for the conditions of the “Molodogvardeyskoye” Mine Administration of the “Krasnodonugol” JSC, “A methodological guide to improving the work with software in the CAD operating system “Detonator” for the automated design of parameters of drilling and blasting passports”, taken into account and practically implemented in the activities of the mining enterprises of JSC “Ukravgroubuhprom” and JSC “Krasnodvuhillya” with a total actual economic effect of UAH 4,5 million. Keywords: anisotropic massif, impact, explosion, energy intensity destruction, physical and mathematical modeling, explosive charges constructions, mining block, blasting methods, waste disposal.