Senetsky O. Scientific and methodological foundations of energy saving on the basis of low-power turbines in the utilization of secondary energy resources

Dissertation for doctor of technical science degree in specialty 05.05.16 – turbomachines and turbo-installations (14 – electrical engineering). – National Technical University "Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute", Kharkiv, 2020. The scientific substantiation and development energy-saving measures methodological approach to improve the efficiency of the use of fuel and energy resources in the production of heat and electrical energy based on the use of low-power turbine units on various working fluids the thesis is devoted. The expediency of solving the problem of resource and energy saving through the implementation of turbine units at waste energy facilities of low potential and at burning renewable fuel resources has been substantiated. The features of ORC technology and the properties of working fluids used in solving such problems are analyzed. Based on the analysis of the literature, a generalization of approaches to the formation of criteria for the selection of low boiling working fluids for closed steam-turbine cycles has been performed. The mathematical model for calculating thermal schemes and their constituent elements (heat exchangers and turbine)to solve the set problems, taking into account the properties of heat carriers has been improved and adapted. With using of the improved software package, comprehensive computational researches were carried out, which made it possible to propose new solutions for the layout of thermal schemes and the determination of the consumption and geometric characteristics of the main elements of the power generating unit (heat exchangers and turbine). At each stage, the problem of finding the most suitable working fluid, rational layout of the turbine cycle and the choice of the most economical design of the turbine and heat exchangers was solved, provided that the operating modes of the main technological process and the power plant being implemented were taken into account. The results obtained can be applied in solving problems of various types secondary energy resources utilization (combustible, thermal and overpressure) in municipal energy, gas transmission systems, individual farms and other spheres of the state economy. This allows a comprehensive approach to solving the problem of efficient use of fuel and energy resources, which is very relevant at the present stage of Ukraine's development. A feasibility studies of introducing energy-saving technologies based on low-power turbines at using secondary energy resources was carried out for the proposed solutions.