The object of research is to improve the utilization of leather production waste, sewage sludge treatment plants.
The aim of the work was to develop environmentally sound approaches to the creation and application of new generation organic fertilizers containing trivalent chromium for the formation of biologically stable and productive agroecosystems of soybeans, spring wheat, corn, buckwheat, oats in the Western Forest-Steppe. The dissertation presents theoretical and agroecological bases of generalization of research results and solution of scientific problem on development and improvement of technology of processing of organic wastes of leather production and sludge of treatment facilities by aerobic fermentation and cavitation method, for creation of ecologically safe organic fertilizers with balanced mind. Their application in technologies of cultivation of soybean, spring wheat, corn, buckwheat, oats is substantiated, taking into account biological features of plants and climatic conditions of the Western Forest-steppe of Ukraine. Developed and patented technology for processing organic waste from leather production and sludge treatment plants for organic fertilizers by accelerated aerobic fermentation - "Bioproferm" with Cr3+ and cavitation - "Biochrome" with a balanced content of trivalent chromium. It is experimentally established that the technology of production and application of the developed organic fertilizers is ecologically safe, excludes pollution of the environment by ecologically harmful pollutants. The use of organic fertilizers "Bioproferm" with Cr3+ and "Biochrome" improves the structural and aggregate composition of the arable soil layer when growing soybeans and spring wheat: the number of brilliant (> 10 mm) and shallow (<0.25 mm) fractions is reduced by 3.1– 3.2 and 3.2–3.5 %, the content of agronomically valuable aggregates (size 0.25–10 mm) increases compared to the control. The total duty cycle of the soil layer 0–10 cm increases by 8.8–10.4 %; soil layer 10–20 cm - by 7.2–8.4 %, which provides better water permeability of the soil as a basis for more productive use of precipitation. There is a tendency to increase the content of total nitrogen and its nitrate form with the introduction of organic fertilizers "Bioproferm" with the trace element Cr3+ (10 t / ha) increases the content of total nitrogen by 38.8 mg / kg, mobile phosphorus - by 32.78 mg / kg, potassium exchange - by 12.03 mg / kg, trivalent chromium - by 32.41 mg / kg relative to control. The positive dynamics of pH change was established. - reduction of soil acidity - by 0.58 pHol. and an increase in the humus content in the soil - by 0.14%. The application of organic fertilizers "Bioproferm" with Cr3+ and "Biochrome" increases the yield of crops relative to control, soybeans - by 1.28 t / ha, spring wheat - by 1.75 t / ha, corn - by 1.56 t / ha, buckwheat - by 0.77 t / ha and oats - by 1.31 t / ha. The use of organic fertilizers "Bioproferm" with Cr3+ and "Biochrome" increases the content of trivalent chromium in the grain of spring wheat - by 1.07 mg / kg, oats - by 0.329 mg / kg, corn - by 0.713 mg / kg, buckwheat - by 0.699 mg / kg, soybeans - by 0.844 mg / kg, compared with the control. Key words: ecological substantiation, organic fertilizers, production and application technology, accelerated aerobic fermentation, trivalent chromium, agrocenoses.
