Biliaieva V. Scientific bases of assessment of harmful factors and protection of workers on the territory of fuel and energy enterprises

The dissertation is devoted to the development of a toolkit for assessing the level of danger in work zones on the territory of the fuel and energy complex facilities and determining the effectiveness of reducing the level of chemical and dust pollution of the air through the use of process modeling and special engineering solutions. The scientific novelty of the obtained results lies in the scientific and practical substantiation of the assessment of the level of danger in the working zones on the territory of the facilities of fuel and energy complexes and the determination of the effectiveness of the use of protective measures, taking into account the modeling of the processes of contamination of the working zones and special engineering solutions. The developed complex of mathematical models, methods and algorithms for their solution is the basis for substantiating organizational and technical measures aimed at reducing the negative impact of harmful factors on the enterprises of the fuel and energy complex of Ukraine in case of their occurrence during the functioning of objects or their detection at the stage project-research works aimed at improving methods of reducing negative factors on employees. Shown that the use of protective barriers of a special form proposed in the thesis allows reducing the level of chemical pollution near highways. A numerical model was built, which allows to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of sorbent surfaces ("TX active surface") on the protective screen and on the walls of buildings to reduce the level of chemical contamination of working areas. An effective numerical model is proposed, which allows determining the effectiveness of the use of noise protection screens of a complex shape near the railway. A description of the results of experimental research and a description of the constructed multifactorial numerical models for analyzing the effectiveness of using additional sides of a special shape and special screens on wagons with coal, which make it possible to reduce the level of dust pollution in the working areas near the transport highway is given. A description of a multifactorial numerical model that allows to estimate the level of chemical or dust pollution of the air in the working zones at the industrial sites of the TPP in case of emissions in adverse weather conditions is presented. Further, the results of experimental studies and a description of the built multifactorial numerical models for the analysis of the effectiveness of the use of protective screens of various shapes, which are used to reduce the level of dust pollution of the working areas at the sites where the coal stacks are located, are given. Presents a numerical model for estimating the level of dust pollution in the middle of motor vehicles moving on the territory of the TPP. In particular, a new numerical model is presented that allows determining the effectiveness of coal stack humidification in order to reduce dust removal from the top of the stack. Also presents a developed numerical model that allows determining the efficiency of water supply to the dust cloud formed near the coal stack. A description of the constructed multivariate numerical models for analyzing the risk of thermal and chemical damage to divers when working near damaged underwater pipelines has been provided. A description of the built multifactorial numerical models for analyzing the risk of thermal injury to workers during a fire, and determining the effectiveness of using a water curtain to reduce the risk of thermal injury to workers near the fire source has been provided.