One of the most relevant and promising areas of research in this sense is the simulation of biological processes and systems. Technologies of the future, such as swarm robotic mechanisms, artificial intelligence systems, a smart home or city, demonstrate the nature of bio similarity in their behavior, that means the abandonment of a single control center and the self-organization of system components. Unlike examples of physical phenomena simulations, the mechanisms of many bioprocesses are currently poorly understood. Such issues include, in particular: the processes of self-organization and evolution of living matter; mechanisms of synergetic cooperation in colonies of unicellular organisms and their organization in the form of multicellular systems accompanied by cell differentiation; self-organization of different signal flows in neural subsystems of organisms, etc.
Given the importance of such research, a topical issue is the study of the mechanisms of dynamics of bio-like structures i.e., analogues of biosystems (tissues, organs, cells and organisms in general), created artificially (simulated in software or robotic mechanisms). Such systems can be called distributed, given that, unlike the vast majority of modern computer technology developed by man, they do not have any central control element that would be responsible for making all decisions. The distributed nature of self-organization mechanisms makes them particularly resistant to various failures and interventions of external factors, because without a vulnerable control element, it is not easy to suffer damage that would lead to the collapse of the whole system of self-organization as a whole.
The basis of computer modeling of any process or system is mathematical models that describe these objects. The thesis is devoted to the research and development of the principles of mathematical and computer simulation of the dynamics of elementary multicellular organisms, and the development the computer modeling system using the movable cellular automata method on the basis of the obtained results.
The aim of the thesis is to create simulation models and develop on their basis software for simulation the dynamics of elementary multicellular biosimilar organisms by the method of movable cellular automata.
The following scientific results were obtained:
- modified the method of finding the nearest neighbors in the case of uniform and uneven distribution of movable cellular automata in the cellular-automatic field;
- for the first time an asynchronous cellular-automata model of biosimilar structure was developed, which simulates the operation of a cellular motor and allows to study the dependence of its dynamics on thermal oscillations of individual elements;
- for the first time a cellular-automata model of variable worm-like locomotion was proposed and the rules of cellular-automata interaction were established, which allow to observe different dynamics of an artificial organism;
- for the first time a cellular-automata model of an amoeba-like organism was built, the rules of intercellular interaction based on cytoskeletal transformations that lead to amoeba-like locomotion were found;
- for the first time by the method of asynchronous movable cellular automata the simulation model of processes of self-regeneration and self-replication of two-dimensional and three-dimensional biosimilar structures was developed.
In the framework of this dissertation research, various biosimilar structures and processes are modeled, which are presented as a set of interconnected automata using the neighborhood scheme, and the simulation process itself takes place using interaction functions. The obtained models helped to establish the main functions of interaction, as well as their parameters that need to be configured for each case. Thanks to the obtained results, a universal CAD-system was developed, which allows to model biosimilar structures, phenomena, processes in an intuitive way without special training and knowledge of the basics of programming.
