Vayda V. Surgical treatment of ascending aorta pathology using minimally invasive access

The research is devoted to the results of the use of minimally invasive access (through the upper J-shaped ministernotomy) in the surgical treatment of pathology of the ascending aorta compared with traditional longitudinal median sternotomy. The aim of the work is to improve the results of surgical treatment of ascending aorta pathology by minimizing surgical trauma and rapid physical and psychosocial rehabilitation of patients. The thesis presents the results of observation and treatment of 126 patients on site, in whom the correction of the ascending aorta pathologies was performed, among them - 88 men (66.9%) and 38 women (30.1%). The mean age of patients was 48.2 ± 16.2 years (from 14 to 78 years). Predominantly patients were with moderate obesity (BMI in the range of 25-30 kg/m2), which accounted for 44.4% (56/126) of the total number of observations, the average BMI was 27.3 ± 4.87 kg/m2. The dynamics of quality of life was determined at the preoperative stage and in the postoperative period during the three-month follow-up. All operated patients were divided into two groups. Main group (group A) included 65 patients - 44 (67.7%) men and 21 (32.3%) women aged 14 to 78 years (mean age - 40.0 ± 17.3 years), where upper J-shaped ministernotomy was applied as an access. The comparison group (group B) consisted of 61 persons - 44 (72.1%) men and 17 (27.9%) women aged 20 to 73 years (mean age 52.5 ± 14.5 years), where traditional longitudinal median sternotomy was used as an access.