Kovalov D. Fractional separation and its impact to the seed's quality of corn hybrids

The object of research – the process of separation of corn hybrids seeds mixtures into separated fractions, its influence on the output, sowing qualities and fertile properties of hybrids and the productivity of grain separators. The target of the research – the target of the research is to identify the regularities in fraction corn hybrids seeds separation, develop the methods of their cleaning-sorting in the technologies of the after-harvest processing. Methods of the research: linear size of the seed, mass 1000 of the seeds, energy of germination and germination capacity; field – field germination of the seeds in the dynamics, indicators of growth and development of the plants, seed productivity; statistical and mathematical analysis; experimental and production researches; calculation of the economical effectiveness. Results – seed farming of different forms of property are recommended: the regulations of separation of corn hybrids seeds, which includes cleaning – on sieves and aerodynamic, sorting – on sieves and gravitational, calibration – on sieves; for sieves separation flat sieves with round holes 9,5; 9; 8,5; 8; 7 mm, and with oblong eyelets 6,5; 6; 5,5; 5; 4,5; 4; 3,75 mm, on which the sowing fractions are mostly formed; two-stage method of sieves separation under corn hybrids seeds uniformity less than 80%, which on the first stage includes separating of the mixture into two components (sowing groups), on the second – separating from the groups, sowing fractions depending on the uniformity of the seed material; the model of the aerodynamic separation in the horizontal air stream with the speed of the stream 18-23 m / s for the regulation of the parameters of the air separation and identifying separated fractions; the method of the identifying of seed germination using multi-level germination (5, 9, 13 cm) under the conditions of the controlled pressure on the sprouts. Novelty – lies in identifying the new regularities, which define the process of the fraction separation and peculiarities of its influence on the corn hybrids seeds quality. Field – agricultural science and food supply.