Ilchenko A. Creating of Starting Material for Breeding of Sunflowers (Helianthus annuus L.) Resistant to ALS-inhibiting Herbicides

Object of study – formation of resistance to ALS-inhibiting herbicides in inbred lines and hybrids sunflower, a wide adaptive potential, high yields and oil content in seeds. The aim is to create, select and evaluate new and existing starting material for selection of sunflower resistant to ALS-inhibiting herbicides with wide adaptive potential to the steppe conditions of Ukraine with its subsequent involvement in breeding programs to create hybrids with profitable seed production and competitive in modern market conditions. Methods - hybridization and testing of lines and hybrids, inbreeding, individual selection, evaluation of lines and experimental hybrids; conducting phenological observations; determination of biometric indicators and plant yield; biochemical parameters of seeds; immunological assessment of resistance to Plasmopara; evaluation of genotype herbicide resistance in phytotron artificial climate chambers; processing of experimental data and determining the reliability of research results. Results - are improved methodological approaches for creating genotypes of sunflower, which combine resistance to ALS-inhibiting herbicides, resistance to powdery mildew (Plasmopara) and adaptability to conditions of insufficient and unstable moisture of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine. Methodological approaches to assess the impact of ALS-inhibitory herbicides on a number of morpho-biological and morpho-metric characteristics of sunflower hybrids have been developed. The technology of creation of source material and self-pollinated lines resistant to ALS-inhibiting herbicides with the use of DNA markers for control of AHAS1 gene introgression was introduced into the selection process. Novelty - for the first time in Ukraine for the creation of new sunflower genotypes resistant to ALS-inhibiting herbicides was used marker technology assisted MAS (marker assisted selection), which is based on detected AHAS1 gene by microsatellite marker pAHAS1 16-17 with its subsequent use in breeding programs. The scientific value - have been improved the methodological approaches for creating sunflower genotypes that combine resistance to ALS-inhibiting herbicides, resistance to powdery mildew (RPM) and adaptability to conditions of insufficient and unstable moisture in the Southern Steppe of Ukraine. Sector – agriculture.