Butenko Y. Manifestation of economically valuable traits in potato varieties in the north-eastern forest-steppe of Ukraine

The dissertation is devoted to the research of the peculiarities of the manifestation of economically valuable features in potato varieties in the conditions of the north-eastern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. The unequal influence on the productivity of selection varieties of potato growing season conditions, as well as the maturity of the samples has been experimentally proved. For the early ones, the external complex of 2018 turned out to be the most favorable for the manifestation of the sign. Only in medium-ripe varieties the share of very high-yielding (more than 900 g / nest) was 2.3%. In 2019, the share of samples with a similar manifestation of the trait was 3.6% (medium-early), 6.8% (medium-ripe), 10.0% (medium-late varieties). The opposite was true for 2020, when, with the exception of mid-late varieties, no samples were selected in the last three classes. According to the complex of economic and valuable features, multi-tuber varieties are distinguished: early Duma, early-ripening - Cimmeria, Lounge, Tauras, middle-early Fortus, medium-ripe Princess and Photinia, middle-late - Kuras, Khortytsia and Challenger. Riviera had a minimum index of the number of tubers (0.16), and, for example, in the Lucilla sample it was 0.72. The influence of conditions of years of performance of research on size of average weight of one tuber is established. According to the complex of economically valuable features, including the average weight of one tuber, samples: Riviera, Shchedryk, Ikarus, Ivankivska early, Mystery, although the index of mass of tubers less than 0.50 had only varieties Nagorod, Slauta, Volumia and others. The influence of growing and storage conditions on the table quality of tubers is proved. The possibility of isolating varieties with a very high starch content in tubers was identified, although their share in 2018 was 0.9%, and in the next - 3.5%. The worst conditions for the accumulation of starch in tubers were in 2018 (among the selected only 15.6% showed signs of more than 20%). The scientific novelty of the work was that for the first time the potential of breeding varieties of different maturity groups for the manifestation of the main economic and valuable traits, the impact on their implementation of individual and complex external factors.