This dissertation comprehensively analyzes the establishment, conditions, and content of activities of the Kamianets-Podilskyi Institute of Public Education during 1921–1930. The scientific novelty of the research is based on archival sources, published documents, memoirs and periodicals, generalization of scientific literature of the native authors, for the first time the main aspects of the functioning of Kamianets-Podilskyi University in the 1920s are investigated and complexly disclosed, the structure of the educational process, staffing, etc. is analyzed in comparison with the institutions of national education of the USSR; thanks to modern methodological approaches, a large array of historical information is comprehended for a systematic and reliable presentation of the topic of work; unknown and little-known components of the process of reorganization of Kamianets-Podilskyi State Ukrainian University into the Institute of Public Education during 1920–1921, the financial situation of the staff, students, the work of auxiliary departments, the formation of teaching staff, etc. are also investigated. The elimination by the Bolshevik regime of the system of national higher education worked out by the democratic governments of Ukraine and the development of its own specific paradigm of training highly qualified personnel in the early 1920s is one of the important scientific problems. Its thorough study allowed us to determine the most characteristic features of the irreconcilable policy of «dictatorship of the proletariat» concerning recent achievements of Ukrainian revival in this sphere, as well as the transition to different in form, essence, and tasks of the complex process of formation of higher educational institutions. An example of this political transformation was the state Ukrainian university in Podillya, which was the object of reorganization into a pedagogical university in the Soviet model. The practical significance of the work lies in the fact that the obtained scientific results, extensive factual material, substantiation, evidence, and conclusions on the formation and activity of Kamianets-Podilskyi University can be used for further scientific research on the history of higher education in the USSR in the 1920s, for writing works on the history of higher education, teaching academic disciplines on the history of Ukraine, Ukrainian culture, possible development of various scientific and educational literature.
