The dissertation work provides a scientific substantiation of the elements of agricultural technology for growing common chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in irrigated conditions of the Dry Steppe of Ukraine, namely the design of micro-irrigation systems, water supply regime and systems of herbicide plant protection.
The experimental part of the research was carried out during 2020–2022. on the lands of SE “RF «Brylivs’ke» IWPaLR of NAAS (Dry Steppe subzone, 46°22′N 33°06′ E). In the first field experiment, different schemes of laying irrigation pipelines (PT) of micro-irrigation systems were studied (PT on the surface and at a depth of 30 cm; after 1,0 m and 1,4 m). In addition, during 2021-2022, an exploratory study was conducted to determine the parameters of the water regime of the soil, evapotranspiration, and productivity of chickpeas of the Budjak variety under conditions of a pulse water supply regime under subsurface drip irrigation. The control was a variant of natural moisture supply. In the second field experiment, the effectiveness of the use of insurance herbicides Lentagran 600, KE (1,5 dm3/ha) and Bazagran, w.s. (1,5 dm3/ha) was studied for their simultaneous and separate application under the conditions of drip irrigation. The control was a variant without treatment with insurance herbicides.
The scientific novelty of the results obtained lies in the comprehensive substantiation of the elements of agricultural technology for growing chickpeas under irrigated conditions of the Dry Steppe of Ukraine, namely: the designs of micro-irrigation systems, the method of water supply and the systems of herbicidal plant protection. In particular, for the first time, for the cultivation of chickpeas under irrigation for the conditions of the Steppe of Ukraine, the regularities of the formation of the water regime of the soil, the parameters of evapotranspiration and irrigation regimes of chickpeas depending on the designs of micro-irrigation systems and the method of water supply have been established, a mathematical and statistical model of the relationship between evapotranspiration and chickpea grain yield has obtained, have been determined the regularities and parameters of growth processes, of chickpea's grain yield formation. The system of herbicidal protection of chickpeas under irrigation conditions has been improved. In the dissertation work, for the first time, the method of calibration (calibration) in natural conditions of the Sentek Drill & Drop sensor-moisture meter was tested, and the corresponding functional relationships were built between the moisture content of six layers of light loamy soil (in % of MMHC) and the indicators of the Sentek Drill & Drop sensors. According to their data, the features of formation and parameters of moistening zones of light loamy soil were established during the subsurface laying of irrigation pipelines. The economic and energy efficiency of introducing micro-irrigation methods for growing chickpeas is substantiated.
