Analyzing the ability of ion exchange membranes and resins to ion exchange is an important task for the mandatory regular procedure of certification of operating equipment. This is due to high prices for industrial ion-exchange resins, especially the products of leading foreign manufacturers. Maintaining the normal mode of their operation makes the requirements for the analysis and quality control of ion exchange materials particularly important. Quality control of ion-exchange materials is carried out as a determination of the material's resistance to the influence of factors of various nature (mechanical, chemical, thermal, osmotic), indicators of exchange capacity (full static PSOE, equilibrium RSOE, dynamic DOE, equilibrium dynamic RDOE, etc.). The values of the indicated capacity indicators depend on the concentration of ionogenic groups in the ion exchangers. They change during operation (deteriorate), so there is a need for their regular control on individual samples. The following results were obtained in the dissertation work: The method of computer resistometry for determining the ionic conductivity of electrolyte solutions is substantiated. A series of flow-through conductometric sensors of KSN has been developed. The sensor allows you to examine liquids in a volume from 2 to 0.2 ml. A sensor calibration procedure has been created. It is established that the "sensor constant" (KS) is a conditional parameter. The value of KS depends on the design of the sensor and the investigated combination of substances in the solution. A theoretically justified and experimentally confirmed method of differential itn-metry for determining transfer numbers in ion-exchange membranes and resins, solutions of alkalis, acids, salts and ionic liquids is proposed. The method consists in step-by-step processing of electrolysis data in the form of dynamics of electrolyte concentrations in electrolyzer chambers. On the basis of experimental data, transfer numbers were calculated in resins KU-2-8, Purolite A400, etc., in ion-exchange membranes such as Nafion, AIPK, etc. The correspondence of the specified properties of these materials with the passport data is shown. This shows the suitability of the differential itn-metry method for determining the transport properties of ion exchange resins and membranes. For the first time, the influence of the electric field on the regeneration processes of ion exchange resins was investigated using the method of computer resistometry. It is shown that when a current passes through the system, a deformed electric field of the potential gradient appears, which is superimposed on the field of the concentration gradient. As a result of the interaction of both fields, the speed of ion flow to particles and the speed of regeneration change The dependence of the equilibrium exchange capacity on the concentration of NaOH and NaCl solutions was established. It was shown for the first time that the speed of the exchange process is determined by the diffusion of ions in the gel phase of the ionite and is constant and does not depend on the degree of saturation of the ionite. An IONIT installation was created for monitoring the dynamics of exchange processes with signal processing by computer resistometry. The exchange capacity of AN-2FN and Purolite A400 resins is determined. Developed scientific ideas about ion transport in ionic liquids. The solutions of the interaction products of СH3COOH, H2SO4, H3PO4, H3BO3 with ethanolamines were investigated using the methods of computer resistometry and pH-metry. The dependences of specific ionic conductivity and pH on concentration, temperature slopes and activation energy of ionic conductivity were established. It is shown that heavy organic cations have little effect on ionic conductivity. It is also shown that these compounds are thermally stable at temperatures of 10-70 oC.
