The study involved 120 white outbred mature male Wistar rats with the weight of 130-180 g. The experimental animals were divided into three groups. Group one – intact animals (15 rats), group two – experimental (90 rats), including three subgroups: 1 – animals with experimental diabetes (30 rats); 2 – with chronic stress (30 rats); 3 – combination of experimental diabetes and stress (30 rats), and group three – control group (15 rats). The following research methods were used: experimental, histological, electron microscopic, morphometric, biochemical, and statistical.
The study made it possible to establish the patterns of morphological rearrangements of the duodenal wall and morpho-functional changes in neurons of the musculo-intestinal interlacement in investigated rats. Histologically, within 14-56 days of the course of experimental diabetes, the edematous and destructive-dystrophic changes were observed in the duodenal wall, namely: shortening and flattening of the villi of the mucous membrane, lengthening and increase in crypt depth, destruction and desquamation of the epithelium of the villi and crypts, swelling due to the increase in cellular infiltration in the mucous membrane.
A comprehensive morphological study of the musculo-intestinal nervous interlacement of the duodenum of intact rats and with experimental streptozotocin-induced diabetes, chronic stress and their combined effects was carried out for the first time using histological, electron microscopic, morphometric and statistical methods.
Information about the morpho-functional changes that occur in the musculo-intestinal nervous interlacement of the duodenum at different stages of the streptozotocin-induced diabetes, chronic stress and their combination (after 14, 28, 56 days) is new. We have obtained new data on the morphometric parameters of the NPA and ANP, and the correlation of ANP/NPA, the neuron shape factor and the nucleus shape factor in the neurons of the musculo-intestinal nervous interlacement of the duedenum of intact rats and with experimental diabetes, chronic stress, and their combined effects. For the first time, it bacame possible to obtain data showing that changes in the neurons of the muscular nervous interlacement of the duodenum with streptozotocin-induced diabetes, stress and their combined effect have staged nature: functional stress and edema (after 14 days of the experiment) and destructive-dystrophic period with partial compensation (after 28 -56 days of the experiment).
Key words: experimental streptozotocin-induced diabetes, chronic stress, duodenum, musculo-intestinal nervous interlacement, neuron, hemomicrocirculatory channel, enteropathy, neuropathy, edematous changes, destructive-dystrophic processes, morpho-functional state. Branch-Medicine.
