Shevchenko O. "Morphological changes in the bones of rats with the isolated administration of cadmium chloride and its combination with metal succinates" (anatomical-experimental study)

The dissertation is a completed qualifying scientific work, performed at the modern methodological level, in which the actual scientific task is solved - determining the effect of cadmium chloride during chronic isolated administration and in combination with zinc and iron succinates on the structure of different types of rat bones in the experiment; peculiarities of the accumulation of cadmium, calcium and zinc in the femur and lower jaw under the isolated effect of cadmium chloride and its combination with metal succinates. The relationship between the level of bone accumulation of cadmium and essential elements and morphological changes in bone and cartilage tissue of bones of different types to identify potential bioantagonistic properties of metal succinates in relation to the toxic effect of cadmium chloride in the experiment. The experimental study was carried out on white adult male rats. The solutions were administered intragastrically daily for 30 days. The morphological material of the study was the femur and lower jaw of rats on the 14th, 20th, and 30th days of the experiment. The use of morphometric, histological and statistical methods made it possible to investigate changes in the osteogenesis of the femur and lower jaw of rats after chronic exposure to cadmium chloride in isolation and in combination with zinc succinate and iron succinate. Determination and comparison of the level of accumulation of cadmium, calcium and zinc in bones was carried out using the method of polyelement analysis with atomic emission on three terms, which allowed to reveal the dose-dependent dynamics of changes in the accumulation of microelements under experimental conditions. Chronic exposure to cadmium chloride at a dose of 2.0 mg/kg leads to a decrease in the weight of the femur, inhibits growth processes in the femur and inhibits osteogenesis, but the weight of the lower jaw increased. In the bone samples of the group of isolated exposure, morphological changes in bone and cartilage tissues were determined: microcracks, changes in the thickness of bone and periosteum, swelling of osteocytes, violations of the zonal architecture of cartilage tissue, hypomineralized areas of bone tissue, The effect of the combined administration of cadmium chloride with iron and zinc succinates led to the recovery of femur weight indicators, which was confirmed by calculating the femur mass index, indicators of periosteum thickness and the thickness of the wall of the diaphysis of the femur, a decrease in the number of osteocyte swelling and chondrocyte resorption, and a violation of the histological zonation of the articular cartilage Organometric and histomorphometric indicators of the lower jaw under the conditions of chronic action on the body of the combined effect of cadmium chloride with zinc and iron succinates testify to the restoration of structural changes in the cartilage tissue of the lower jaw, which are characterized by the restoration of the growth of the examined tissues, inhibition of resorptive processes in bone and cartilage tissue, normalization of the degree of mineralization and architectural structure of articular cartilage in an experiment on rats.