Seleznova O. Comprehensive physiological characterization of spinal cord and neuromuscular complex components under conditions of experimental metabolic syndrome

Our scientific work aimed to study the physiological activity of the spinal cord and components of the neuromuscular complex under conditions of experimental metabolic syndrome in rats of different age groups using physiological methods. The object of the study was 100 laboratory sexually mature rats, which were divided into 4 groups; (1) control group - spinal cord samples of young laboratory rats, control group - 10 samples; (2) group - young rats under conditions of experimental metabolic syndrome - 40 samples; (3) control group of old laboratory rats 10 samples; (4) group - old rats under conditions of experimental metabolic syndrome - 40 samples. To study the structures of the spinal cord under conditions of experimental metabolic syndrome, the following methods were used: preparation - for the study of macroscopic features of the spinal cord in conditions of metabolic syndrome; histological - for the characterization of the structural components of the spinal cord and their changes in conditions of metabolic syndrome; biochemical method immunofluorescence analysis to determine the concentration of neurotransmitters in the homogenate of the spinal cord; tensometric method, which allowed to quantitatively assess the force of contractions of the extensor muscles of the hind limbs and flexors of the forelimbs of rats in metabolic syndrome; electrophysiological method to analyze the excitability indicators (threshold and chronaxy), bioelectric potentials of the calf muscle in conditions of metabolic syndrome, which was simulated experimentally with the provision of a combined high-calorie diet in young and old rats, and methods of variational statistics - to establish the objectivity of the results obtained and the changes that occur in the spinal cord of experimental animals at different age periods in conditions of metabolic syndrome. For the first time, a complex of physiological and biochemical studies of the nervous system under the conditions of metabolic syndrome in different age periods was conducted. A model of metabolic syndrome was obtained using a high-carbohydrate and high-calorie combined diet. The results of the study contribute to expanding the understanding of the basic principles and specific changes in the spinal cord under conditions of experimental metabolic syndrome and different age characteristics, which makes it possible to predict the consequences of the impact on the structural components of the spinal cord of metabolic syndrome and possibly correct the consequences of this condition. The results obtained on the structure of the spinal cord in conditions of experimental metabolic syndrome provide an opportunity to form an idea of the morphological and neurophysiological changes in the structures of the spinal cord and its blood circulation, which we can predict and correct under the influence of the metabolic syndrome, especially taking into account age characteristics and understand those hypoxic lesions that occur in the conditions of this pathological condition.