Kondratyuk T. Microorganisms as factors damaging works of easel paintings of Ukraine museum fund

Object of the investigation: biodestruction of historic and cultural monuments in conditions of museum storage and their protection from biodestructors. Aim: microbiological investigation of paintings and of museum storehouses condition; investigation of influence of a number of compounds and preparations on the microorganisms-damagers. Methods: microbiological, micological, floristical, statistical. Results: results of investigation and comparison of microorganisms selected from works of easel paintings of 4 museum collections (more than 200 icons and paintings) and inner surfaces of storehouses of 10 museums are provided and discussed in detail. Collection of cultures of mycromycetes-damagers of museum objects and historic and cultural monuments including 75 species of 35 genera is created. Structure of fungal complexes formed on works of paintings of the highest degree of the damage is found. Reliable differences of species lists of microorganisms from the objects investigated are shown. Concentration of dominance (Simpson coefficient is between 0.29-2.27) of biodestructors on wall materials is much brighter of the one for microorganisms of works of paintings (coefficient is 0.09-0.5). Combining a number of methods of quantitative estimation of biocide influence is proved to be expedient while using a photometric method. Species content of biodestructors proposed to be taken into account during selection of substances and methods of disinfections treatment of works of paintings.