Stefanishyn O. The peculiarities of proteolytic processes in the digestive tract of calves

Object of research: investigations are devoted to study the properties of proteolytic enzymes and their regulation in the rumen contents and duodenal chume of 1 till 6 month old calves. The aim of the work: to elucidate the age peculiarities of ptoteolytic processes in the rumen contents and duodenal chume of calves, to study the influence of proteinase activity of different endogenic and exogenic factors. Methods of research and equipment: biochemical analysis, spectrophotometer, microscope, chromatography analysis. Innovation: for the first time the complex investigation of proteinase activity of rumen contents and duodenum chyme with age of caves increases. The activity of neutral proteinases during the first six month of animal life increases in three time, and the activity of acid proteinases - twice. The rumen and duodenum proteinases of calves are characterized by marked geterogeneity and different affinity to the protein-substrates. With a great intensity are degraded by these proteinases casein, haemoglobin, albumin. The degradation of the first two proteins is carried out by enzymes of serine type, and the last protein - by enzymes of cysteine type. The chromatographic division of proteins of bacteria and protozoa fractions rumen liquor was conducted and their marked heterogeneity by molecular weight and by physical and chemical properties was shown. Inculcation: the obtain results may be used for the working of the normative data of feeding of calves. The materials of the study may be used for lectures in universities and institutes. The branches are: biochemistry, physiology, microbiology, feeding.