Shedyey L. Influence of fertilizers on humus state and nitrogen fund of podzolic chernozem and productivity of crop rotation at сonventional and saving-resource systems of agriculture

Subject – soil processes and agrochemical parameters of podzolic chernozem at application of fertilizers at conventional, organic and saving-resource systems of agriculture. Object – to study a humus and trophic-energy state of podzolic chernozem and a microbial cenosis functioning at conventional, organic and saving-resource fertilizing systems, their bioenergetic and economic efficiency, to give an estimation of influencing of secondary production of plant cultivation and green mass of oil radish on changes of a humus state and nitrogen fund of podzolic chernozem and crop rotation productivity. Methods - general scientific and special. Theoretical results - regularity of influencing of saving-resource systems of fertilizing and different load by fertilizings in crop rotation on organic matters, agrochemical parameters, microbiological activity and energetic-potential of podzolic chernozem and productivity of crops of a link of field crop rotation is determined. Practical results - the saving-resourcesystem of agriculture is offered, which one allows to reduce the mineral fertilizers application to 50 % in comparison with conventional fertilizing; also provides preservation of an optimum trophic-energetical condition of soil. Novelty - for the first time comparative estimation of transformation of organic matters and nitrogen compounds of podzolic chernozem at application of fertilizers at conventional, organic and saving-resource systems of agriculture during two rotation of field crop rotation is made and the capability of reduction of costs of industrial mineral fertilizers on 50 % at the expense of actuation secondary production of plant cultivation and green manure in a system of fertilizing with preservation of an optimum trophic-energetical state of soil is determined. Stage of putting into practice - saving-resource system of fertilizing were apply in working conditions in farms of the Kharkov area. Scope - agricultural production.