Sheleh Y. Conditions of safe operation of electroinstallations of dirrect voltage

The dissertation is devoted to definition of a probability estimation of defeat of the person in electrical installations of a constant voltage. In the dissertation the important scientific and social problem of creation of safety conditions of interacting of people with electrical installations of a constant voltage is solved by normalization of maximum permissible electric acts which do not call traumatize an organism. For improvement of a condition of an electrosecurity in electroinstallations of a constant voltage it is necessary to reconsider working normative base of an electrosecurity. For the first time the received generalizing analytical description voltage-current characteristics for any duration of action of a voltage of a touch. Factors of approximating functions voltage-current characteristics of a body of the person for concrete her state and conditions of a touch to current carrying parts under action of a constant voltage do not depend on value of the enclosed voltage (prior to the beginning of irreversible processes in a body) and change in time. It is shown, that results periodic during several years of experiences for definition of statistical parameters voltage-current characteristics of one person are equivalent to results of disposable researches of group of people. It is possible to count representative group such, in which submitted persons with influences of different additional factors. The particle of each specific group in formation of primary statistical sample should answer its particle in community of people. Correlation between determining statistical factors voltage-current characteristics in representative group of people is absent, that causes an opportunity of reduction of amount of experiences in public. The proved determining parameters voltage-current characteristics of community of people as bases for development of recommendations from an electrosecurity in electroinstallations of a direct current. Numerical characteristics of parameters of action which predetermine irreversible processes for different people belong to uniform general set. Absence of correlation between statistical parameters which predetermine irreversible processes in a body of the person and parameters which characterize electric properties of a body at the moment of carrying out of experience is established. For the first time the stochastic model of origination of irreversible process is developed at act on an organism of the person of a constant voltage which takes into account all range of parameters of voltage-current characteristics of a generality of people and area of a contact to current carrying parts. According to mathematical experiment on model dependence of probability of origination of irreversible process on value of a constant voltage of a contact is investigated. Are received allowable on a condition of prevention of irreversible processes traumatize an organism of the person of a voltage much less accepted, as allowable in the state and international specifications. Allowable relationships of resistance of current carrying and protective conductors for typical earth networks and a standard scale of rated voltages of electrical installations of a constant voltage at which voltage of a contact do not exceed values recommended in-process are proved. The offered provisions of raise of a level of safety of urban electrotransport and electrical installations of a wire communication. Results of researches are used for development of the Order of certified tests of electrical installations of a constant voltage on a compliance with requirements of an electrosecurity which is coordinated by the State committee of Ukraine from supervision of guarding of work. Materials of the dissertation are used in generated and injected in educational process of a direction of "Electrical engineer" at National university "Lviv polytechnic" new discipline "Theory and practice of an electrosecurity". Keywords: an electrosecurity, the concept, electric parameters of a body, criteria of the electrosecurity, allowable acts, irreversible processes, normative baseline.