Object. Men and women of different age with normal bone and structural-functional disorders of bone state (osteoporosis and osteopenia), woman in perimenopausal and postmenopausal period with different duration of postmenopausal period and women with osteoporotic deformations and vertebral fractures. The aim of the research was to perfect the diagnostic of osteoporosis of axial skeleton and its complications (deformations and vertebral fractures), to improve the evaluation of methods for prophylactic and treatment of osteoporosis on the basis of structural-functional state of spine. Research Methods: clinical and orthopedic examination, questionnaires, anthropometric examination, X-ray morphometry analysis of pectoral and lumbar spine in lateral projection, ultrasound bone densitometry, biochemical researches, The statistic analysis. Scientific novelty of obtained results. For the first time it was developed and offered limit referent data as for X-ray morphometry indexes and indexes of axial skeletonfor Ukrainian population in depend of age and sex. It was estimated the peculiarities of X-ray morphometry indexes in postmenopausal women in depend of time of menopausal period and its duration, and the relation of structural-functional state of peripheral skeleton and structural-functional state of spine, the presence of osteoporotic fractures of peripheral and axial skeleton. For the first time it was offered and approbated in practice the index of dimensions vertebrae sum. For the first time was offered the diagnostic algorithm for verification of the vertebral pain syndrome of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women with use X-ray morphometry analysis, which is one of the alternative violations diagnostics method of evaluation of structural-functional state of spine, and predictional risk of osteoporotic fractures. The differentiated schemes of treatment and prophylaxis of osteoporosis and its complications was offered and introduce in practice, importance of X-ray morphometry analysis was definite in estimation of effectiveness treatment of osteoprorosis. Practical importance. It was improved diagnosis of osteoporosis on base of X-ray morphometry analysis in patients of different age and sex. It was offered alternative diagnostic method of determination structural-functional state of spine on base of objective description of X-ray changes in vertebrae of pectoral and lumbar spine, that allows recommend it for screening researches, diagnostics of osteoporosis and its complications, for evaluation the effectiveness of treatment. It was developed the referent data in dependent of age and sex as for indexes X-ray morphometry analysis, it enables more effectiveness prophylaxis arrangements and treatment of osteoporosis and its complications. The new application schemes of prophylaxis and treatment of osteoporotic fractures and vertebral deformations was proved in clinical practice. It was defined possibilities of X-ray morphometry analysis in prognosis of prediction of osteoporotic fractures and vertebral deformations; it was estimate its diagnostic solvency in evaluation of effectiveness treatment. It was offered the algorithm of diagnostics, observation and determination of effectiveness treatment in patients with osteoporosis axial skeleton and its complications. The performance of the work was used in lecture course of Gerontology and Geriatrics in Kiev Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, information courses and probation period "Geriatrician orthopedic with bases of manual therapy". The results of seen out researches inculcated into clinical Institute Gerontology practice of Ukraine, Kiev Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Lugansk State Medical University, Clinical Hospital №9, Chernigov Hospital №2, Ukrainian scientifically-medical centre problems of osteoporosis, Kharkov Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education. Traumatology and orthopedics.
