Kryvenko A. Biological substantiation of spring vetch protection measures against the range of pests in existing conditions in the Central Forest Steppe Zone of Ukraine

In present conditions, monitoring was carried out of quantity changes and the species composition changes of agrobiocenosis entomofauna of vetch fields and stations. The biological particular qualities were identified and the seasonal dynamics of the pests' number were specified. 78 insect species were discovered representing different classes and families, of which 44 species are pests for the vetch. The predominant belong to the class Coleoptera - 52,3% and Homoptera - 23,1%. Among the representatives of the class Coleoptera 10 families are identified, and the prevalence of Curculionidae is 72,7% (the weevils of Sitona and Phytonomus families, in particular). 7 species of Sitona family are identified (the most important were the following three: S. crinitus, S. lineatus and S. longulus). The predominance of the vetch leaf weevil (Ph. Murinus F.) among the three phytophages, class Phytonomus, was established. 5 species of Aphididae family of Homoptera line were recognized, the most numerous was Acyrtosiphon pisi (pea aphid). The influence of the temperature, atmospheric precipitation and entomophages on the main pests during some of their development stages was studied. The estimation of the relative resistance of the modern varieties to phytophages of the spring vetch was carried out. It was established that the susceptibility to damage of the varieties tipica and atomaria was higher than that of immaculata. The advantages of optimum (early) sowing and mixing with cereals were established. The expediency of the insecticides use for the seeds treatment against tuberous weevils was studied. The efficiency of the ground spraying by the insecticides against tuberous weevils on the young spring vetch and against the Phytonomus larva in the second half of the vegetation was substantiated.