Chenchik D. The idea of united Europe and the search of ways of its realization in 1945 – 1952

The object of study – the еuropean idea as the intellectual precondition of postwar integrative processes. The purpose of study is finding-out of relationships of cause and effect between development of the еuropean idea before and ending the Second world war, definition of its influence on political circles of the West-European countries and specification of circumstances of creation of the first multilateral organizations in Europe. The methods: historical-genetic, historical-typological, comparative-historical and historical-system. The practical value of the work: the scientific results of work can be used during reading general and special courses of lectures on a history of Western Europe and Northern America, for a spelling of the textbooks and monographies on a history of the еuropean idea; they also will help with preparation of new researches and popular-scientific works devoted to the European organizations, which have arisen after ending the Second world war. The thesis dissertation is dedicated to the in-depth study of the evolution of the european idea in 1952 – 1952. Its major supporters at that time became different public organization of liberal democratic direction, who wanted to create the United States of Europe. They were subdivided in federalists who demand to transfer part of the national authority to the supranational level and unionists who fought for intergovernmental cooperation. The beginning of the «cold war» resulted in growth of the unifying spirits in the west of continent. It was confirmed by the Hague Congress in 1948, where the basic ideas of integration processes were founded. One of its main results was the creation of the Council of Europe – the first international parliamentary assembly. However, the absence of supranational authority in Council of Europe leads to the search for some other ways to the European consolidation. “Shuman declaration” and as its consequence, the establishment European coal and steel community provoked eurointegration processes, defending their direction for further decades.