Khomyak P. The optimization of soil tillage in the short-term rotations with the sunflower in the southern Steppe of Ukraine

Subject of research - the process of the short-term rotation (with sunflower) productivity formation depending on the soil tillage systems. The aim - to work out the differentiated soil tillage system which would secure the heavy sunflower seed yield when its returning to the previous place in short-term rotation in to years. The methods are field, laboratory, mathematiсal and statistical, economic and mathematical. In the conditions of the southern Ukrainian Steppe in short-term rotations with 33 % saturation with sunflower against a back-ground of optimum fertilization the effect of the differentiated systems of basic soil tillage on its water and phisical properties, choking up with weeds, the phitosanitary state of sunfliwer crops, given crop and crop rotation on the whole productivity is determined. The worked out technology of differentiated soil cultivation ensures both the obtaining of 23,8-24,1 hkg/ha qualitative sunflower seeds when its returning to the previous place in short-term rotation in two years on the third one the heavy crop rotation on the whole productivity. In 2003-2006 the research results are introduced at the forms of the Mykolayiv region over an area of 126 ha. The branch of application - the agricultural production.